Hysteroscopy

What is Hysteroscopy?
Types of Hysteroscopy
Benefits of Hysteroscopy
Preparation and Procedure
Post-Procedure Care

What is Hysteroscopy?

Hysteroscopy involves the use of a hysteroscope, which is a thin, lighted tube equipped with a camera. This instrument is inserted through the vagina into the cervix and into the uterine cavity, allowing the doctor to examine the lining of the uterus (endometrium) in real time.

Types of Hysteroscopy

  1. Diagnostic Hysteroscopy:
    • This type is performed to identify abnormalities within the uterus, such as:
      • Uterine fibroids (noncancerous growths)
      • Polyps (growths on the uterine lining)
      • Uterine anomalies (congenital defects)
      • Endometrial hyperplasia (thickening of the uterine lining)
      • Intrauterine adhesions (Asherman’s syndrome)
    • It can help determine the cause of infertility, abnormal bleeding, or recurrent miscarriages.
  2. Operative Hysteroscopy:
    • This is a therapeutic procedure that allows for the treatment of identified abnormalities during the same session. Common operative interventions include:
      • Removal of fibroids or polyps
      • Correction of uterine septum (a dividing wall within the uterus)
      • Treatment of intrauterine adhesions
      • Endometrial ablation (removal of the uterine lining)
    • Operative hysteroscopy can enhance fertility by correcting issues that may hinder conception or pregnancy.

Benefits of Hysteroscopy

  • Minimally Invasive:
    Hysteroscopy is performed on an outpatient basis, requiring only local or general anesthesia and minimal recovery time compared to more invasive surgical options.
  • Direct Visualization:
    The use of a hysteroscope allows for a direct view of the uterine cavity, leading to accurate diagnoses and targeted treatments.
  • Dual Functionality:
    Hysteroscopy can serve both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, often allowing for immediate intervention if abnormalities are detected.
  • Enhanced Fertility Outcomes:
    By addressing uterine conditions that may interfere with implantation or pregnancy, hysteroscopy can improve the chances of conception and successful pregnancy outcomes.

Preparation and Procedure

  • Preparation:
    • Patients may be advised to avoid certain medications (such as blood thinners) and refrain from eating or drinking a few hours prior to the procedure.
    • A pre-procedure consultation may involve discussing medical history, current medications, and any concerns regarding the procedure.
  • Procedure:
    • Hysteroscopy typically lasts 30 minutes to an hour, depending on whether it is diagnostic or operative.
    • Patients may experience mild discomfort during the procedure, but anesthesia helps alleviate pain.

Post-Procedure Care:

  • Patients may experience light cramping or spotting after the procedure. These symptoms are usually mild and resolve within a few days.
  • It is important to follow the doctor’s post-procedure instructions, which may include avoiding sexual intercourse or heavy lifting for a short period.